Hardware stamping parts process understanding

Metal stamping is a process that uses punches and dies to deform or break iron, aluminum, copper and other plates and heterosexual materials to achieve a certain shape and size.
Metal stamping is sometimes referred to as sheet forming, but there is a slight difference. The so-called sheet forming refers to the use of plates, thin-walled pipes, thin profiles, etc. as raw materials. The forming methods of plastic processing are collectively referred to as sheet forming, and in this case, the deformation in the direction of the thick plate is generally not considered.
The stamping process can be roughly divided into two categories: separation process and forming process (also divided into bending, drawing, and forming). The separation process is to separate the stamping parts and the blank from each other along a certain contour line during the stamping process, and the quality of the separation section of the stamping parts must also meet certain requirements; The forming process is to make the stamping blank plastically deformed under the condition of no damage, and transform it into the required finished product shape, and at the same time, it should also meet the requirements of dimensional tolerance.
According to the temperature of stamping, there are two ways: cold stamping and hot stamping. This depends on the strength, plasticity, thickness, degree of deformation, and equipment capability of the material, as well as the original heat treatment state and end-use conditions of the material.
1. The processing of cold stamping metal at room temperature is generally suitable for blanks with a thickness of less than 4mm. The advantages are no heating, no oxide scale, good surface quality, easy operation and low cost. The disadvantage is that there is work hardening, which makes the metal lose its ability to further deform in severe cases. Cold stamping requires the thickness of the blank to be uniform and the fluctuation range is small, and the surface is smooth, spotless, and scratch-free.
2. Hot stampingA stamping processing method that heats the metal to a certain temperature range. The advantages are that it can eliminate internal stress, avoid work hardening, increase the plasticity of the material, reduce the deformation resistance, and reduce the power consumption of the equipment.
Sheet metal stamping is a processing method that uses a die to separate or deform the sheet metal. Because in most cases the sheet metal does not need to be heated, it is also called cold stamping, also referred to as cold stamping or stamping.
Commonly used plates are mild steel, stainless steel, aluminum, copper and permalloy, etc., which have high plasticity and low deformation resistance, and are suitable for cold stamping.
Sheet metal stamping is easy to realize mechanization and automation, and the production efficiency is high; The size of the stamping parts is accurate and the interchangeability is good; The surface is smooth and clean, no machining is required; It is widely used in manufacturing industries such as automobiles, electrical appliances, instrumentation and aviation.


Process characteristics:
Stamping is the use of high-speed punches and dies to apply pressure to the material, so that it can produce a specific size of product according to a certain shape, and the product does not need additional processing after production. This production method is mainly used for metal coil forming processing. Stamping and forming under the conditions of large-scale production, although the high-speed punch and die have large capital investment and high production requirements, but compared with traditional methods (such as forging, casting, welding, mechanical cutting, etc.), its advantages are more obvious:
    1) After using high-speed punching press, the production efficiency is high, the production of parts is high-precision, and the quality is stable.
    2) The stamping parts of the high-speed punch press generally do not need to be machined, and the products are directly used for assembling products after surface treatment. Forming in one step, reducing the number of other processes.
    3) The material utilization rate is high, and the products with high strength, good stiffness and light weight can be obtained under the condition of saving raw material consumption.
    4) The progressive die stamping process can produce complex parts that are difficult to achieve by other processing methods.